# Turkey and Iraq sign five agreements in Ankara; Baghdad offers 1 million barrels of oil a day as the Hormuz crisis pushes Turkey to diversify supply > Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi visited Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Ankara on July 29, signing five cooperation agreements and discussing a plan for Iraq to supply Turkey with up to one million barrels of oil a day; Turkey's state oil company TPAO has taken a 15% equity stake in the Kirkuk oil field alongside BP, ending the terms of the 1973 Iraq-Turkey pipeline deal; the shift is driven by Turkey's need to reduce dependence on Gulf routes disrupted by the Iran-US war **Meta:** type: event · date: 2026-07-29 · heads: The Quiet Shift, The Long Game · 4 takes · 4 lenses · 3 regions ## Summary Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi visited Ankara on July 29 for his first meeting with Turkish President [Recep Tayyip Erdogan](/en/entity/person/recep-tayyip-erdogan) since taking office, signing five cooperation agreements. The central discussion: [Iraq](/en/entity/iraq) offered to supply [Turkey](/en/entity/turkey) with up to one million barrels of oil a day, as Ankara seeks alternatives to [Strait of Hormuz](/en/entity/place/strait-of-hormuz) tanker routes disrupted by the [Iran US War 2026](/en/entity/iran-us-war-2026). The deal's structural detail is more significant than the headline supply figure: Turkey's state oil company TPAO has taken a 15% equity stake in Iraq's Kirkuk oil field alongside BP, ending the terms of the 1973 Iraq-Turkey pipeline deal and giving Ankara upstream production rights for the first time. [Iraq installs a 41-year-old banker as PM after a five-month deadlock](/en/n/iraq-al-zaidi-government-2026) treated the meeting as a pivot from transit-fee arrangements to co-ownership of Iraqi production. ## The split Daily Sabah, the AKP-aligned outlet, framed the Ankara summit as a "historic" structural shift toward upstream production, foregrounding TPAO's expanded Iraqi footprint. Euronews was the first international broadcaster to anchor the deal in Turkey's response to the [Strait of Hormuz](/en/entity/place/strait-of-hormuz) disruptions, treating the 1M bbl/day offer as supply diversification rather than bilateral ambition. Forbes took the most sceptical line, calling the one-million-barrel figure "politics until loadings catch up" and arguing the Kirkuk equity stake is the only durable structural change. No reporting from Iraq's Kurdish Regional Government, which administers the Kirkuk area, appeared in the feed. ## By the numbers - 5, cooperation agreements signed at the Ankara summit on July 29 - 1 million, barrels of oil per day discussed as a potential Iraqi supply target to Turkey - 15%, TPAO's equity stake in the Kirkuk oil field alongside BP - 1973, the year of the original Iraq-Turkey pipeline agreement that Forbes says the new terms effectively supersede - 1, meetings between al-Zaidi and Erdoğan since al-Zaidi took office (this is the first) ## Why it matters [Turkey](/en/entity/turkey) imports a significant share of its oil through routes passing near or through the [Strait of Hormuz](/en/entity/place/strait-of-hormuz). The [Iran US War 2026](/en/entity/iran-us-war-2026) has disrupted those routes and pushed up tanker insurance costs, giving [Iraq](/en/entity/iraq), which borders Turkey directly and sits on one of the world's largest proven reserves, unusual leverage. A direct supply arrangement at volume, bypassing the Gulf entirely via a revived Kirkuk-to-Ceyhan pipeline, would reduce Turkey's exposure to [largest oil supply disruption on record](/en/n/hormuz-oil-supply-shock) and give Iraq a buyer whose geography insulates it from the ongoing conflict. ## What to watch - Whether the five signed agreements are published with binding supply volumes or remain declaratory - Any reaction from Iraq's Kurdish Regional Government on TPAO's Kirkuk equity stake, which it has historically disputed - Whether the Kirkuk-to-Ceyhan pipeline is restarted or expanded to support the one-million-barrel target - Iran's and Saudi Arabia's responses to Iraq deepening ties with Turkey during the [Iran US War 2026](/en/entity/iran-us-war-2026) ## Regional takes (batched by bias / lens) ### Turkish AKP-aligned English-language media; framed the summit as a structural turning point, emphasising upstream equity over transit fees - **Daily Sabah** (Turkey, en) — Daily Sabah, the English-language outlet aligned with Turkey's ruling AKP, reported the Ankara-Baghdad meeting as a historic turning point, emphasising that the partnership is now moving beyond pipeline transit and toward upstream production. The piece foregrounded TPAO's expanded role in Iraqi upstream oil fields rather than the 1M bbl/day headline supply figure, treating the equity shift as the durable change. > "Ankara and Baghdad are adding a new dimension to their energy partnership, moving beyond pipeline transit and toward upstream production." Source: https://www.dailysabah.com/business/economy/energy-partnership-between-turkiye-iraq-gets-new-historic-dimension ### Pan-European broadcaster; anchored the deal in the Strait of Hormuz disruptions as Turkey's supply diversification strategy - **Euronews** (Europe, en) — Euronews was the first international broadcaster to frame the 1M bbl/day offer as a direct response to the Hormuz disruptions, noting that al-Zaidi's Ankara visit was his first with Erdoğan since taking office and that Turkey is seeking to reduce dependence on Gulf tanker routes. The piece treated the deal as regional consequence of the Iran-US conflict rather than as bilateral initiative. > "Iraqi Prime Minister Ali Zeydi visited Ankara for his first talks with Erdoğan since taking office, offering to supply Turkey with 1 million barrels of oil per day as Ankara seeks to reduce its dependence on disrupted Gulf routes." Source: https://www.euronews.com/2026/07/29/iraq-eyes-supplying-turkey-with-1-million-oil-barrels-a-day-amid-hormuz-crisis ### Turkey opposition-aligned English-language outlet; most specific enumeration of formal outputs - **Turkish Minute** (Turkey, en) — Turkish Minute, editorially independent of the AKP government, led with the specific formal output: five signed cooperation agreements between Erdoğan and al-Zaidi, with the 1M bbl/day supply as the headline figure under discussion. Unlike pro-government coverage, it named both leaders and distinguished the signed agreements from the supply figure still under discussion. > "Turkey and Iraq signed five cooperation agreements on Tuesday as President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi discussed a broader energy partnership." Source: https://www.turkishminute.com/2026/07/29/turkey-iraq-sign-5-agreements-discuss-plan-for-1-million-barrels-of-oil-a-day/ ### US business analysis; sceptical of the 1M bbl/day headline, argues TPAO's Kirkuk equity stake is the structural change - **Forbes** (United States, en) — Forbes contributor Guney Yildiz argued the real story is TPAO acquiring a 15% equity stake in the Kirkuk field alongside BP, which he says ends the terms of the 1973 Iraq-Turkey pipeline agreement. The 1M bbl/day supply figure is 'politics until loadings catch up', making upstream equity Turkey's durable structural gain regardless of near-term supply volume. > "The 1973 Iraq-Turkey oil pipeline deal is over. Turkey took a 15% Kirkuk stake with BP; treat 1 million b/d as politics until loadings catch up." Source: https://www.forbes.com/sites/guneyyildiz/2026/07/29/the-real-iraq-turkey-energy-story-is-equity-in-kirkuk/ ## Across the graph - Related: [[iraq-al-zaidi-government-2026]], [[iran-jordan-missiles-0729]], [[hormuz-oil-supply-shock]], [[strait-of-hormuz-dossier]] - Entities: Turkey, Iraq, Person:recep Tayyip Erdogan, Place:strait of Hormuz --- Canonical: https://rbtfl.xyz/en/n/turkey-iraq-oil-deal-0729