# 乌克兰「牛奶作战」7月18日再击沉13艘俄罗斯影子船队船只，13天累计目标达172艘
> 乌克兰无人系统部队7月18日在黑海和亚速海额外打击了13艘与俄罗斯制裁规避船队相关的船只，包括油轮和货船，使牛奶作战自启动以来的累计目标达到172艘

**Meta:** type: event · date: 2026-07-18 · heads: 战争究竟如何收场 · 7 takes · 6 lenses · 5 regions

## 摘要

[乌克兰](/zh/entity/ukraine)无人系统部队7月18日在名为「牛奶」（Molochka）的行动框架内，再打击[俄罗斯](/zh/entity/russia)影子船队13艘船只，在黑海和亚速海均有目标，将该作战13天的累计数字提升至172艘。同夜另有一次打击针对俄罗斯雅罗斯拉夫尔州的斯拉夫涅夫特-亚诺斯炼油厂，乌克兰将其定性为切断克里米亚与俄罗斯本土补给线的战役的最新行动。7月18日的打击紧随[12艘被击中](/zh/n/ukraine-shadow-fleet-jul17)的7月17日，此前为单日最多记录，延续了使用无人海上和空中系统的持续无人机战役。

## 分歧

乌克兰官方媒体（乌克兰24、基辅邮报）突出作战规模并公布行动名称，将13天172艘呈现为对俄罗斯制裁规避经济产生战略效果的证据。APA（阿塞拜疆）以区域过境安全故事中立地传达了这一消息。东方先驱报是唯一将影子船队战役与俄罗斯本土炼油厂打击联系起来的媒体，暗示了乌克兰官方通讯分开处理的更宏观战役逻辑。西方媒体大多将累计数字作为数据点处理，而未深入探讨影子船队劣化对俄罗斯石油收入或欧洲保险敞口的影响。

## 数字看

- 13，7月18日乌克兰无人机打击的船只数量
- 172，牛奶作战13天中的总目标船只数量
- 2，同时发动打击的水域：黑海和亚速海
- 12，前一天（7月17日）受袭船只数，此前单日最多记录

## 为何重要

影子船队是[俄罗斯](/zh/entity/russia)超过G7价格上限出口石油的主要渠道。以每天13艘的速度持续消耗，给为船队提供保险的运营商和保险公司施加压力，即使是在无人机打击中幸存的船只，也面临无法投保的风险。亚速海打击在战略上有所不同，针对的是俄罗斯用于向被占领的乌克兰南部运送物资的补给走廊，而非仅仅是石油出口装置。

## 关注点

- 俄罗斯是否会部署武装护卫或反无人机系统以保护剩余的影子船队船只
- 累计损失是否迫使经[博斯普鲁斯](/zh/entity/place/strait-of-hormuz)走廊的俄罗斯石油出口量出现可探测的下降
- 乌克兰是否会在责任追究或施压行动中点名特定船主或船旗
- 随着无人机战役扩展至亚速海，[运粮船只](/zh/n/wheat-blacksea-vessel-attacks-jul16)所受影响

## Regional takes (batched by bias / lens)

### Baku-based state news agency; first to report the July 18 wave of 13 additional shadow fleet strikes, drawing on Ukrainian media, and placed the attacks in the context of the ongoing Black Sea drone campaign
- **APA (Azerbaijani Press Agency)** (Azerbaijan, en) — APA是第一个在乌克兰境外报道7月18日13艘额外打击数字的媒体，援引乌克兰官方媒体，将此次攻击置于正在进行的黑海无人机作战背景中。阿塞拜疆机构的立场意义重大，巴库对黑海稳定有直接的商业和能源利益，其报道隐含着西方媒体所忽视的经济视角。
  > "乌克兰已打击俄罗斯影子船队的另外13艘船只。"
  Source: https://en.apa.az/europe/ukraine-strikes-13-more-vessels-from-russias-shadow-fleet-516726

### Ukrainian government-linked English-language outlet; provided the named Operation Molochka branding and the cumulative 172-ship tally across 13 days, the clearest official Ukrainian account of the campaign's scope
- **United24 Media** (Ukraine, en) — 乌克兰24媒体提供了正式的「牛奶作战」名称，并将累计数字设定为13天172艘，使当日13艘打击成为一个作战指标而非孤立事件。作为与乌克兰军事通讯最接近的媒体，在受袭船只的油轮和货船构成方面也最为具体。
  > "乌克兰牛奶作战又打击了13艘俄罗斯船只，包括油轮和货船，13天累计达到172艘。"
  Source: https://united24media.com/war-in-ukraine/ukraine-hits-13-more-russian-shadow-fleet-vessels-bringing-total-to-172-in-13-days-20870

### Kyiv-based independent English daily; confirmed the 172-ship total and named Operation Molochka, adding that targets were struck in both the Black Sea and the Azov Sea, geographic detail not in the earlier APA or United24 reports
- **Kyiv Post** (Ukraine, en) — 基辅邮报提供了7月18日打击的双海域地理位置，确认无人机作战同时将黑海和亚速海的船只作为目标。亚速海打击在战略上意义独特，针对的是俄罗斯用来向被占领的乌克兰南部运送物资的走廊。
  > "乌克兰无人系统部队7月18日打击了俄罗斯影子船队相关的另外13艘船只，使「牛奶」作战中的受袭目标总数达到172艘。"
  Source: https://www.kyivpost.com/post/80565

### Mumbai-based English digital outlet; reported the simultaneous strike on the Slavneft-Yanos oil refinery in Yaroslavl Oblast alongside 12 shadow fleet vessels, the only outlet to join the refinery and fleet strikes in a single strategic frame of Crimea isolation
- **Eastern Herald** (India, en) — 东方先驱报是唯一将影子船队打击与俄罗斯内陆雅罗斯拉夫尔州斯拉夫涅夫特-亚诺斯炼油厂的同期打击联系起来的媒体，将两者均定性为克里米亚孤立化战役的组成部分。
  > "乌克兰国防部队在一夜之间打击了雅罗斯拉夫尔州斯拉夫涅夫特-亚诺斯炼油厂和12艘影子船队船只，推进切断克里米亚与俄罗斯本土补给线的战役。"
  Source: https://easternherald.com/2026/07/18/ukraine-yanos-refinery-shadow-fleet-crimea-isolation/

### unlabelled
- **PCN Channel** (Switzerland, en) — 
  Source: https://www.pcn-channel.com/ukraine-strikes-russian-shadow-fleet-ships-in-black-sea/
- **Global Defense Corp** (United States, en) — 
  Source: https://www.globaldefensecorp.com/2026/07/18/ukraine-destroyed-116-shadow-fleet-vessels-in-week-long-sea-drone-attacks-on-russian-oil-tankers/

### Kyiv-based English investigative outlet; sole source in the feed to report Russia redeploying front-line drone units to defend shadow fleet vessels, citing Ukraine's military intelligence, revealing a strategic trade-off that reduces Russian drone capacity on the front line
- **Kyiv Independent** (Ukraine, en) — The Kyiv Independent, citing Ukraine's military intelligence, reported that Russia was reinforcing air and sea defenses around shadow fleet vessels by pulling drone units away from front-line combat positions; the piece presented this trade-off as evidence that Operation Molochka had forced Moscow into a choice between protecting its sanctions-evasion oil-export fleet and maintaining its front-line drone pressure on Ukrainian forces.
  > "Russia is bolstering shadow fleet defenses at the expense of front-line drone units, Ukraine's military says, as Operation Molochka forces Moscow into a strategic trade-off between its oil fleet and combat drone capacity."
  Source: https://kyivindependent.com/russia-bolsters-shadow-fleet-defenses-at-expense-of-front-line-drone-units-military-says/

## Across the graph
- Related: [[ukraine-shadow-fleet-jul17]], [[ukraine-fedorov-crisis-jul17]], [[wheat-blacksea-vessel-attacks-jul16]]
- Entities: Ukraine, Russia, Ukraine Russia War

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Canonical: https://rbtfl.xyz/zh/n/ukraine-shadowfleet-jul18