多模式集合数据显示中东太平洋海表温度异常超过2摄氏度，是155年有记录以来从未出现的轨迹；2026年6月全球海洋温度已打破此前所有六月纪录

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation is a Pacific Ocean climate cycle that shifts rainfall, crop yields, and hurricane frequency across six continents every two to seven years.