Lithium, cobalt, nickel, graphite and manganese power every battery cell; their supply is highly concentrated, making these minerals the chokepoints of the global electric transition.
The carbon mineral at the core of every lithium-ion battery anode, where China controls 97% of global processing capacity and wields that position as an export-control lever.
完整档案 ›2025年11月暂停石墨出口审批，对中国负极材料出口造成为期六个月的冻结；美国国际贸易委员会2026年3月作出初步损害裁定，启动反倾销/反补贴调查；中国占全球石墨开采量的65%、球形石墨的97%
众议院通过的这项预算调节法案，终止了IRA对2026年之后开工项目的风电生产和投资抵免，延长并修改了45X先进制造抵免，禁止FEOC来源的材料享受45X资格，并新增一项冶金煤抵免；参议院结果尚不确定