伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队在美军空袭六座城市后正式封锁霍尔木兹海峡,同时对巴林、约旦、科威特、卡塔尔发动打击
伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队于7月12日宣布封锁霍尔木兹海峡,禁止所有船只通行,此前数小时美军对伊朗港口城市班达尔阿巴斯、西里克、恰巴哈尔、格什姆岛、布什尔和阿萨鲁耶实施了新一轮空袭,美国设定的周六最后期限在伊朗未作回应的情况下到期。与此同时,伊朗对巴林、约旦、科威特和卡塔尔发动了打击,前一天在马斯喀特举行的停火谈判未达成协议
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后续进展
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Iran Focus: IRGC formally announced closure of the Strait of Hormuz after firing on a ship; sequence confirms the ship attack came before the formal closure declaration ↗
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Deep sourcing added on the within-axis split. China's FM Wang Yi has publicly asked Tehran to reopen the strait three times since May 2026 (SCMP, Xinhua), citing global industrial and supply chains. Iran responded with offers of 'special considerations' on shipping fees for friendly nations rather than reversing the closure (Bloomberg, July 4). Russia's Urals crude peaked above $120/barrel during the April crisis then crashed to $41.66/barrel after the Iran-US interim deal briefly reopened Hormuz; it's back to approximately $57/barrel with the July 12 closure (OilPrice.com). Russia and China both vetoed Bahrain's UN Hormuz proposal in April but have opposite interests: Russia needs the price spike; China needs the shipping lanes open. Gulf states Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia condemned Iran's strikes on US bases on their territory; Kuwait described the attacks as 'repeated heinous Iranian aggressions.' ↗
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US attacks Iran overnight; Iran retaliates with strikes on six Gulf and Middle Eastern states; three injured in Qatar from falling shrapnel ↗
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Iran launches missile and drone attacks on Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Jordan and UAE after fresh US strikes on Iranian cities ↗
摘要
伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队于7月12日宣布对所有船只封锁霍尔木兹海峡,此前数小时美军对伊朗港口城市班达尔阿巴斯、西里克、恰巴哈尔、格什姆岛、布什尔和阿萨鲁耶实施了新一轮空袭,美国设定的周六最后期限在伊朗未作回应的情况下到期。与此同时,伊朗对巴林、约旦、科威特和卡塔尔发动了打击。伊朗外长阿巴斯·阿拉格齐前一天在马斯喀特与阿曼官员会谈,但未能达成协议。新任最高领袖莫吉塔巴·哈梅内伊在首次声明中誓言"不可避免的报复"。这条关键水道的通行在官方宣布封锁之前已明显减少。
为何重要
霍尔木兹海峡是全球最重要的石油运输咽喉要道之一。伊斯兰革命卫队发布正式封锁声明,而非针对个别船只实施攻击,标志着显著的局势升级。伊朗同时对与美国有密切安全关系的海湾国家巴林、科威特和卡塔尔发动打击,将冲突带入美国伙伴国的领土,增加了更大范围地区对抗的风险。伊斯兰革命卫队此前的袭击已经在试探这一界限。
需关注的动态
- 美国和海湾盟国是否将正式封锁视为需要军事回应,还是尝试重启阿曼外交
- 伊朗的实际行动:伊斯兰革命卫队是否实际拦截过境船只,还是封锁仅停留于法律和政治声明
- 巴林的反应,鉴于其驻扎着美国第五舰队
- 随着封锁持续时间和执行力度逐渐明朗,石油市场的反应